Amatasan tsarin hasken ranahanyar samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana ce mai amfani da manufa biyu: tana iya fitar da wutar lantarki da ta wuce gona da iri zuwa grid na kasa yayin da kuma tana adana makamashi a cikin batura don amfani da su daga baya-kamar da dare, a ranakun gajimare, ko lokacin katsewar wutar lantarki.
Ta hanyar haɗa fa'idodin grid-daure (a kan-grid) dakashe-grid tsarin hasken rana, yana ba da ɗaya daga cikin mafi sassauƙa kuma amintaccen hanyoyin samar da makamashi da ake samu a yau don gidaje da kasuwanci.
1. Ta Yaya Tsarin Rana Mai Haɗaɗɗiya Aiki?
Zuciyar amatasan tsarin hasken ranana'ura ce mai hankali da aka sani da mahaɗan inverter (ko inverter mai yawa). Yana aiki a matsayin kwakwalwar tsarin, yin yanke shawara na ainihi game da kwararar makamashi.
Ga yadda tsarin tsarin hasken rana na yau da kullun ke aiki:
① Yana Ba da fifikon Makamashin Solar: Fanalan hasken rana suna haifar da wutar lantarki ta DC, wanda ake juyar da shi zuwa wutar AC ta hanyar inverter na matasan zuwa kayan aikin gida.
② Yana Cajin Batir: Idan hasken rana yana samar da ƙarin wutar lantarki fiye da yadda gida ke buƙata nan da nan, ana amfani da ƙarfin da ya wuce kima don cajin tsarin ajiyar baturi.
③ Yana Fitar da Wutar Lantarki zuwa Grid: Lokacin da ajiyar batir ya cika kuma aka ci gaba da samar da hasken rana, za a dawo da rarar wutar lantarki zuwa cikin grid na jama'a. A yankuna da yawa, zaku iya karɓar kuɗi ko biyan kuɗi don wannan makamashi ta hanyar ƙididdigewa ko shirye-shiryen jadawalin kuɗin fito.
④ Yana Amfani da Baturi ko Wutar Lantarki:Yaushetsarar ranayana da ƙasa (misali, da dare ko a ranakun gajimare), tsarin yana fara amfani da kuzarin da aka adana daga batura.
⑤ Zane daga Grid:Idan baturin yayi ƙasa da ƙasa, tsarin yana canzawa ta atomatik zuwa zana wuta daga grid don tabbatar da samar da wutar lantarki mara yankewa.
Siffar Maɓalli: Ƙarfin Ajiyayyen
Yawancin tsarin hasken rana na matasan sun haɗa da madaidaicin ma'aunin nauyi. A lokacin katsewar grid, mahaɗan inverter ta atomatik yana cire haɗin kai daga grid (ma'aunin aminci don kare ma'aikatan amfani) kuma yana amfani da hasken rana da batura don kunna mahimman da'irori-kamar na firiji, fitilu, da kantuna. Wannan ƙarfin ne wanda tsarin grid ɗin da aka ɗaure zalla ya rasa.
2. Mahimman Abubuwan Maɓalli Na Tsarin Rana Mai Haɓaka
Na al'adamatasan tsarin hasken ranaya hada da:
① Tashoshin Rana:Ɗauki hasken rana kuma canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki na DC.
② Hybrid Solar Inverter:Jigon tsarin. Yana canza wutar lantarki ta DC (daga bangarori da batura) zuwa wutar AC don amfanin gida. Hakanan yana sarrafa cajin baturi/fitarwa da hulɗar grid.
③Adana Batirin Rana:Adana makamashi mai yawa don amfani daga baya. Batir lithium-ion (misali, LiFePO4) ana amfani da su akai-akai saboda yawan kuzarinsu da tsawon rayuwarsu.
④ Ma'auni na Tsarin (BOS):Ya haɗa da tsarin hawa, wayoyi, masu sauya DC/AC, da sauran abubuwan lantarki.
Haɗin Grid:Haɗa zuwa ga grid na jama'a ta hanyar mita da panel ɗin sabis.
3. Bambanci Tsakanin Kan Grid, Kashe Grid da Tsarin Rana Hybrid
| Siffar | On-Grid Solar System | Kashe-Grid Solar System | Hybrid Solar System |
| Haɗin Grid | An haɗa zuwa grid | Ba a haɗa da grid ba | An haɗa zuwa grid |
| Adana Baturi | Yawancin lokaci babu batura | Bankin baturi mai girma | Ya haɗa da batura |
| Samar da Wutar Lantarki Lokacin Kashewa | A'a (an rufe don aminci) | Ee (cikakken wadatar kai) | Ee (don kaya masu mahimmanci) |
| Wurin Wutar Lantarki | Ana dawowa kai tsaye zuwa grid | Ajiye a cikin batura; za a iya yin asarar kuzari fiye da kima. | Yi cajin baturi da farko, sannan yana ciyarwa zuwa grid |
| Farashin | Mafi ƙasƙanci | Mafi girma (yana buƙatar babban bankin baturi kuma galibi janareta.) | Matsakaici (fiye da kan-grid, ƙasa da kashe-grid) |
| Dace Da | Wuraren da ke da tsayayyen grid da yawan wutar lantarki; mafi sauri ROI | Wurare masu nisa ba tare da shiga grid ba, misali, duwatsu, gonaki | Gidaje da kasuwancin da ke neman yin tanadi akan lissafin wutar lantarki tare da madadin wutar lantarki |
4. Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da Hybrid Solar System
Amfanin Tsarin Rana Mai Haɓaka
⭐ Yancin Makamashi: Yana rage dogaro akan grid.
⭐ Ƙarfin Ajiyayyen:Samar da wutar lantarki lokacin katsewa.
⭐ Yana Ƙarfafa Cin Haɗin Kai: Ajiye makamashin rana don amfani lokacin da rana ba ta haskakawa.
⭐ Tattalin Arziki:Yi amfani da kuzarin da aka adana a lokacin mafi girman sa'o'i don rage kuɗin wutar lantarki.
⭐Abokan hulɗa:Yana haɓaka amfani da tsabtataccen makamashi mai sabuntawa.
Rashin Amfanin Tsarin Rana Mai Haɓaka
⭐Mafi Girma Farashin Gaba:Saboda batura da ƙarin hadaddun inverter.
⭐ Haɗin tsarin:Yana buƙatar ƙira da shigarwa na ƙwararru.
⭐Rayuwar baturi:Batura yawanci suna ɗaukar shekaru 10-15 kuma suna iya buƙatar sauyawa.
5. Nawa Ne Kudin Tsarin Rana Hybrid
Na al'adagida hybrid tsarin hasken ranana iya kashe tsakanin $20,000 da $50,000+, dangane da:
- ▲Girman tsarin (hanyoyin hasken rana+ ƙarfin baturi)
- ▲Ƙarfafa gida da ƙididdiga na haraji (misali, ITC a Amurka)
- ▲Kudin aikin shigarwa
Shawarwari:
- >> Samu Kalaman Gida: Farashin ya bambanta sosai. Sami ƙididdiga daga masu sakawa masu daraja 2-3.
- >> Bincika don Ƙarfafawa: Nemo rangwamen hasken rana, jadawalin ciyarwa, ko abubuwan ƙarfafa batir.
- >> Zaɓi Batura LiFePO4: Tsawon rayuwa da mafi aminci.
- >> Bayyana Bukatunku:Yanke shawarar ko ikon ajiyar kuɗi ko tanadin lissafin shine fifikonku.
Shigar da tsarin hasken rana ba ƙaramin saka hannun jari ba ne. Yana da mahimmanci don yanke shawara dangane da manufofin gida da zance, da ba da fifiko ga samfuran ƙira da masu sakawa tare da ingantaccen inganci da sabis na tallace-tallace.
6. Kammalawa
Matakan tsarin hasken rana yana ba da fa'ida sau uku: tanadin makamashi, dogaro, da 'yancin kai. Ya dace da:
- ✔Masu gida sun damu da katsewar wutar lantarki
- ✔Waɗanda ke cikin wuraren da ke da hauhawar wutar lantarki ko grid marasa ƙarfi
- ✔Duk wanda ke son haɓaka amfani da makamashin kore
Yayin da fasahar baturi ke inganta da raguwar farashi, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana yana zama babban zaɓi.
7. Tambayoyin Tambayoyi (Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi)
Q1: Shin tsarin hasken rana na matasan iri ɗaya ne da tsarin kan-grid tare da baturi?
A1:Mahimmanci, i. Kalmar hybrid solar system yawanci tana nufin tsarin hasken rana ta amfani da mahaɗan inverter wanda ke haɗa hasken rana, ajiyar batir, da sarrafa grid. Yayin da "tsarin da aka ɗaure da batura" wani lokaci na iya amfani da na'urori daban-daban da masu kula da caji, a zamanin yau, "tsarin haɗaɗɗiyar" ya zama kalmar gama gari ga irin waɗannan tsarin.
Q2: Shin tsarin batirin inverter na matasan zai yi aiki a lokacin baƙar fata?
A2:Ee, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan fa'idodinsa. Lokacin da grid ɗin wutar lantarki ya faɗi, tsarin zai cire haɗin kai tsaye daga grid (kamar yadda ka'idodin aminci ya buƙata) kuma ya canza zuwa "yanayin tsibiri", ta amfani da hasken rana da batura don ci gaba da kunna "mahimman lodi" (kamar firiji, hasken wuta, masu amfani da hanya, da dai sauransu) waɗanda aka riga aka saita don gida.
Q3: Shin tsarin hasken rana na matasan yana buƙatar kulawa?
A3: Ainihin a'a. Fuskokin hasken rana suna buƙatar tsaftace ƙura da tarkace kawai lokaci-lokaci. Thematasan inverter da batirin lithium duk na'urorin da aka rufe kuma basa buƙatar kulawar mai amfani. Tsarin yawanci yana zuwa tare da aikace-aikacen sa ido, yana ba ku damar bincika tsararru, amfani da matsayin ajiya a kowane lokaci.
Q4. Zan iya amfani da micro-inverter a cikin tsarin matasan?
A4: Ee, amma tare da takamaiman gine-gine. Wasu ƙirar tsarin suna amfani da injin inverter a matsayin babban mai sarrafawa don sarrafa baturi da grid, yayin da kuma amfani da ƙananan inverters tare da takamaiman ayyuka don inganta aikin kowane panel na hotovoltaic. Wannan yana buƙatar ƙirar ƙwararru.
Q5. Zan iya shigar da batura akan tsarin da ke da haɗin grid?
A5: Ee, akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu:
① DC hadawa:Sauya tare da injin inverter kuma haɗa sabon baturi kai tsaye zuwa sabon inverter. Wannan ita ce hanya mafi inganci, amma ta fi tsada.
② AC hadawa:Ajiye ainihin inverter mai haɗin grid kuma ƙara ƙarin "AC coupling" mai juyawa/caja baturi. Wannan hanyar gyare-gyaren tana da ɗan sassauƙa, amma gabaɗayan ingancin ya ɗan ragu kaɗan.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-30-2025