Iiseli ze-lithium zeBanga le-B, kwaziwa njengeiiseli zamandla ze-lithium ezisetyenzisiweyo, zigcina i-60-80% yamandla azo okuqala kwaye zibalulekile ekujikelezeni kwezixhobo kodwa zijongene nemingeni emikhulu. Ngelixa ziphinda zisetyenziswe kwi-ukugcinwa kwamandlaokanye ukubuyisa iintsimbi zazo kunegalelo ekuzinzeni, malunga nama-70% ezi seli ze-lithium ezisetyenzisiweyo eTshayina zingena kwiindawo zokusebenzela ezingekho mthethweni. Oku kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kusongela ukhuseleko lwendalo. Olu hlalutyo luhlola ingxaki kwimarike yeeseli zebhetri ze-lithium zeBanga B zaseTshayina, iingozi zokuphinda zisetyenziswe ngokungesesikweni kunye nezisombululo ezizinzileyo.
Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iibhetri ze-lithium EV ezingasetyenziswanga (iiseli zebhetri zeBanga B) kubalulekile ekuzinzeni kwezixhobo kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo. Xa umthamo webhetri uncipha uye kuma-60%, iifektri zeemoto zenza umsebenzi wobungcali wokuqhaqha kunye nokulungisa ngokutsha ukuze kusetyenziswe kwakhona iiseli ezisetyenzisiweyoiinkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga, izithuthi zothutho, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-cascading.
Kwiibhetri ezingafanelekanga ukusetyenziswa okwesibini, iindlela eziphambili zokukhupha zibuyisela iintsimbi ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-lithium, i-nickel, kunye ne-cobalt, zizenzela ngokutsha zibe zizinto zebhetri eluhlaza ukuze kufezekiswe ukujikeleza kwezixhobo.
Ii-Coefficients zesaphulelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokurisayikilisha
Ixabiso eliseleyo leebhetri ze-lithium ion ezisele ziphumile (i-discount coefficient) liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko.
- 1. Iibhetri ezifakwe kwi-electrolyte: Isaphulelo se-30%-50% ngenxa yeengozi zongcoliseko.
- 2. Iibhetri ezingafakwanga i-electrolyte: Fikelela kwi-coefficients yesaphulelo ukuya kwi-60-80%, njengoko izinto ze-cathode/anode ezingangcoliswanga zivumela amazinga okubuyisa isinyithi angama-95% nangaphezulu.
Iindlela Zokusebenzisa Izinto Ngokungekho Mthethweni Zisongela Uzinzo
Okwangoku, malunga ne-70% yeebhetri ze-EV ezisetyenzisiweyo zithunyelwa kwiimarike ezingalawulwayo. Iiworkshop ezincinci ezingenazo iilayisenisi okanye iziqinisekiso zokusingqongileyo zisebenzisa iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi ukuze zidlule inkampani yeebhetri ze-lithium ezisetyenziswayo. Le misebenzi idlula irhafu, imigaqo yokhuseleko, kunye neenkqubo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, zibeka phambili inzuzo yexesha elifutshane kunozinzo.
Iingozi zeNdalo nezoQoqosho zoKuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezingekho sesikweni
- ▲Ukubuyiswa kwezinto ezingasebenzi kakuhle: Iindlela ezikrwada (umz., ukutshisa, ukukhuhla i-asidi) zivelisa <50% amazinga okubuyisa isinyithi xa kuthelekiswa >90% kwiindawo eziqinisekisiweyo ezisebenzisa i-hydrometallurgy okanye i-vacuum pyrolysis
- ▲ Iingozi zongcoliseko:I-Electrolyte Ukuvuza kunye nokukhutshwa kwetyhefu (umz., i-hydrogen fluoride, iintsimbi ezinzima) Zingcolisa umhlaba/amanzi.
- ▲ Ukuphazamiseka kweMarike:Ihlaziyiwe okanye isetyenzisiwe kakubiiibhetri zomjikelo onzulu we-lithium-ionukungena kwakhona kwiimarike, okunyusa iingozi zokhuseleko kwaye kuthomalalise iinjongo zoqoqosho olujikelezayo.
Olu luhlu olungalawulwayo luchitha izixhobo ezibalulekileyo ngelixa lusongela iinkqubo zendalo kunye nempilo yoluntu. Ukuseka iindlela ezisemthethweni zokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto kusabalulekile kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwe-EV.
Ukujongana nesiphithiphithiibhetri ye-lithiumiindlela zokusebenzisa kwakhona, sidinga inkqubo ebanzi edibanisa ukongamela okusemthethweni, izibonelelo zemarike, kunye nezisombululo zobuchwepheshe:
- ⭐Imithetho: Ukukhawulezisa imithetho ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kweenkqubo ezipheleleyo kunye nokuseta amaxabiso atshintshatshintshayo anxulunyaniswa nekamva lesinyithi, okuxhaswa zisaphulelo serhafu.
- ⭐Imigangatho yoShishino: Phakamisa imiqobo yokungena ukuze kususwe abadlali abangenazo iziqinisekiso kwaye kuqiniswe ukunyanzeliswa kwemithetho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngezixhobo zokubeka esweni uluntu.
- ⭐Uyilo olutsha: Xhasa iteknoloji yokulahla inkunkuma enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye ulinganisele iingozi zemarike ngokusebenzisa izilumkiso kwangethuba.
Le ndlela ijolise ekunyuseni amazinga asemthethweni okusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ukusuka kwi-30% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-85%, nto leyo edala ishishini elizinzileyo elinceda zombini ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.
Isiphelo
Ingxoxo yebhetri yeBanga B ibonisa ukungqubana phakathi kokuzuza kwexesha elifutshane kunye nokukhula okuzinzileyo. Nangona iiseli ze-lithium-ion zeBanga B ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokubonakala zingabizi kakhulu ngenxa yexabiso lazo eliphantsi (ixabiso eliseleyo elingama-30%-80%), ukufikeleleka kwazo kuhlala kuvela kwiindlela ezimfutshane ezinobungozi: iiworkshops ezingekho mthethweni zidlula imigaqo yokhuseleko, ziphepha irhafu, kwaye zisebenzisa iindlela zokuphinda zisetyenziswe eziphinda zifumane <50% yeentsimbi ezibalulekileyo. Oku akuchithi nje kuphela izixhobo ezinqongopheleyo kodwa kubeka emngciphekweni iziphumo ezinzima—ungcoliseko olunobuthi, iingozi zomlilo ezivela kwiibhetri ezilungisiweyo ezingazinzanga, kunye nomonakalo wexesha elide kwinkqubo yendalo.
Yiyo loo nto kukho indawo yokugcina iibhetri ze-lithium ezingabizi kakhulu kwimarike ngoku. Kumashishini, ukubeka phambili iBanga B elingabizi kakhuluIiseli zebhetri zeLiFePO4luqoqosho olungelulo. Iiseli ezingaphantsi komgangatho ezithathwe kwiindlela zokuphinda zisetyenziswe ezingalawulwayo ziyonakalisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo kwaye zibeka abasebenzisi kwiimbopheleleko zomthetho nezodumo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iiseli zebhetri zeBanga A—eziveliswa phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lomgangatho kunye nezinto ezikrwada ezinokulandelelwa—ziqinisekisa amazinga okubuyisa isinyithi angaphezulu kwama-95% kwiinkqubo ezisemthethweni ezivaliweyo, nto leyo enyusa ukhuseleko kunye nexabiso lobomi.
Indlela eya phambili icacile: Ukunyusa isivuno seeseli zeBanga A (okwangoku yi-87%) kunye nokunyanzelisa imithetho engqongqo yokuphinda kusetyenziswe kuya kuqhuba inkqubela phambili kushishino. Ukukhetha ababoneleli bebhetri ye-lithium abathobelayo akusiso nje isigqibo seshishini; simele ukuzibophelela ekulawuleni okusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza. Olu khetho luqinisekisa ukuba iinkampani ziyahambelana nezenzo ezizinzileyo ngelixa zikhusela imisebenzi yazo kwiingozi ezinokubakho. Ngokungavumi ezinye iindlela ezingaphantsi komgangatho kunye nokutyala imali kwizisombululo zeBanga A eziqinisekisiweyo, abachaphazelekayo bafumana imbuyekezo ezinzileyo ngelixa bekhusela iinkqubo zemvelo kunye nempilo yoluntu.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-14-2025