Urwego rw'ingufu mu Bushinwa rwateye intambwe ikomeye mu mutekano. Ku ya 1 Kanama 2025,Igipimo ngenderwaho cya GB 44240-2024(Selile za lithiyumu na bateri za kabiri zikoreshwa mu bubiko bw'ingufu z'amashanyarazi-Ibisabwa mu mutekano) byatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro. Iyi si indi ngingo gusa; ni yo ngingo ya mbere y'umutekano w'igihugu mu Bushinwa yibanda cyane cyane kuri bateri za lithiyumu-iyoni zikoreshwa murisisitemu zo kubika ingufu (ESS)Iki gikorwa gihindura umutekano kuva ku bushake kugera ku bw'ingenzi.
1. Iyi Standard GB 44240-2024 ikoreshwa he?
Ibipimo ngenderwaho bikubiyemo bateri za lithium n'amapaki mu buryo butandukanye bwa ESS:
- ① Ingufu zo kubika amakuru kuri telefoni
- ② Amatara yo hagati mu gihe cy'impanuka n'amatara ahamagara
- ③ Gutangiza moteri byashyizweho
- ④ Sisitemu z'izuba zo mu ngo n'iz'ubucuruzi
- ⑤Ububiko bw'ingufu ku rwego rwa grid(haba kuri grid na hanze ya grid)
▲ By'ingenzi cyane: Sisitemu zifite amanota arenga100 kWhzigwa munsi ya GB 44240-2024. Sisitemu nto zikurikiza ibipimo bya GB 40165 bitandukanye.
2. Impamvu "Gusabwa" ari ingenzi
Ibi ni impinduka zikomeye. GB 44240-2024 ifite amategeko n'amabwiriza yo kugera ku isoko. Kuyubahiriza ntibishobora kuganirwaho. Ijyanye kandi n'amahame mpuzamahanga (IEC, UL, UN), igenzura ko bihuye ku isi yose. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, ishyiraho ibisabwa byose by'umutekano mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima bwa bateri, harimo igishushanyo mbonera, inganda, ibizamini, ubwikorezi, ishyirwaho, ikoreshwa, no kongera gukoreshwa. Igihe cy' "igihe gito kandi kidatekanye" kiri kurangira.
3. Amabwiriza Akomeye yo Gupima Umutekano wa Bateri ya Lithium
Iri tegeko ritegeka ibizamini 23 byihariye by’umutekano, bikubiyemo utunyangingo, modules, na sisitemu zose. Ibizamini by’ingenzi birimo:
- ⭐Gushyira amafaranga menshi ku isoko: Gushyushya kugeza kuri 1.5x voltage ntarengwa mu gihe cy'isaha 1 (nta muriro/iturika).
- ⭐Gusohora ku ngufu: Gusubiza inyuma gusharija kuri voltage yashyizweho (nta gushyuha gukabije).
- ⭐Kwinjira mu nzara: Kwigana imyenda migufi y'imbere hamwe no gushyiramo urushinge buhoro cyane (nta bushyuhe bukabije).
- ⭐Gukoresha nabi ubushyuhe: Guhura n'ubushyuhe bwa 130°C mu gihe cy'isaha imwe.
- ⭐Ubwubatsi n'ibidukikije: Ibizamini byo gukubita, gukanda, ingaruka, gutigita, n'ubushyuhe.
Umugereka wabugenewe usobanura ibizamini byo gupima ubushyuhe, ukagaragaza ibintu bitera, aho ibipimo bipimirwa, ibipimo by'uko ubushyuhe buzamuka cyane (nk'ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe cyangwa kugabanuka k'amashanyarazi), n'ibindi bisobanuro birambuye.
4. Sisitemu zikomeye zo gucunga bateri (BMS)
Ibisabwa na BMS ubu ni itegeko. Sisitemu zigomba kuba zirimo:
- ♦ Kugenzura chargeur zirenze volteji/zirenze amashanyarazi
- ♦ Kugabanya isohoka ry'amashanyarazi ridafite ingufu nyinshi
- ♦ Kugenzura ubushyuhe burenze urugero
- ♦ Gufunga sisitemu mu buryo bwikora mu gihe hari ikibazo (abakoresha ntibashobora kongera kuyisubiza)
Ibipimo ngenderwaho bishishikariza uburyo busesuye bwo kwirinda, bigatera inkunga imiterere ibuza ubushyuhe gukwirakwira.
5. Ibisabwa ku bijyanye no gushyira ikimenyetso cya bateri ya lithium mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bukomeye
Kumenya ibicuruzwa birakomera cyane. Amabatire n'amapaki bigomba kuba bifite ibirango bihoraho by'Abashinwa bigaragaza:
- ①Izina, icyitegererezo, ubushobozi, igipimo cy'ingufu, voltage, imipaka yo gushyushya
- ②Uwakoze, itariki, polarity, igihe cyo kubaho gitekanye, kode yihariye
- ③Ibirango bigomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe kandi bigakomeza gusomwa igihe kirekire. Amapaki akeneye kandi imiburo isobanutse neza: "Ntigomba kuyasesagura," "Irinde ubushyuhe bwinshi," "Reka kuyakoresha niba yabyimbye."
6. Umwanzuro
GB 44240-2024 igaragaza intambwe ikomeye y'Ubushinwa mu kugera ku mutekano wo hejuru kandi utegetswe ku nganda zayo zikora cyane mu kubika ingufu. Ishyiraho urwego rwo hejuru, ituma ubuziranenge n'umutekano birushaho kuzamuka. Ku bakora ibikoresho bishingikiriza ku mayeri "ahendutse kandi afite umutekano muke", umukino urarangiye. Iyi ni yo shingiro rishya ry'icyizereESSmu Bushinwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-07-2025