A Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zivanze (HESS)Ihuza ikoranabuhanga ribiri cyangwa rirenze ritandukanye ryo kubika ingufu mu buryo bumwe, buhuriweho. Ubu buryo bukomeye bwagenewe by'umwihariko gukemura imbogamizi za sisitemu imwe y'ikoranabuhanga, bigatuma iba nziza mu gucunga imiterere ihindagurika y'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa nk'izuba n'umuyaga. Binyuze mu gukoresha imbaraga zuzuzanya z'ikoranabuhanga nka bateri (gusubiza vuba, ingufu nyinshi), super-capacitors cyangwa flywheels (igihe kirekire, ingufu nyinshi zituruka ku ngufu), HESS itanga igisubizo cyizewe, cyiza kandi kirambye cyo kubika ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa.
1. Ubwoko bwa Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zivanze
Nta bwoko bumwe gusa bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ya HESS. Uburyo buhuriweho bugizwe n'ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa sisitemu ya HESS bateri:
- ① Bateri + Supercapacitor:Bateri za Lithium-iongutanga ingufu zirambye, mu gihe supercapacitors zihangana n'izamuka ry'ingufu ryihuse n'uburyo zifata ingufu (zisanzwe mu koroshya imirasire y'izuba/umuyaga).
- ② Bateri + Flywheel:Kimwe n'ibyo twavuze haruguru, utuziga tw'indege twitwara neza cyane mu mizunguko yihuta cyane kandi ifite imbaraga nyinshi mu kugenzura inshuro.
- ③Bateri + Bateri:Guhuza imiti itandukanye (urugero, aside y'icyitegererezo ku bushobozi, lithiyumu ku bushobozi) binoza ikiguzi n'imikorere.
- ④ Sisitemu zo kubika ingufu zivanze zose hamweguhuza ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye hamwe no guhindura ingufu mu gice kimwe kandi cyoroshye kugira ngo byoroshye kuyikoresha.
2. Ibyiza byo kubika ingufu zivanze
Ibyiza by'ingenzi byo kubika ingufu zivanze bituruka ku gukoresha igikoresho gikwiye kuri buri murimo:
- ⭐Imikorere myiza n'igihe cy'ubuzima:Ibice bifite ingufu nyinshi (supercaps, flywheels) birinda bateri kwangiza stress mu gihe cyo gusharija/gusohora vuba, bikongera ubuzima bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za bateri.
- ⭐Kongera Imikorere Myiza:Sisitemu zikoresha buri gice mu rugero rwacyo rwiza, bigabanya igihombo cy'ingufu.
- ⭐Kwizerwa byiyongera:Gukoresha ingufu nyinshi no kunoza imikorere bitanga ingufu zihamye ku ngufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ingenzi.
- ⭐Kuzigama ikiguzi:Nubwo ikiguzi gishobora kuba kinini mbere y’igihe, igihe kirekire cyo kubaho no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’inyubako bigabanya ikiguzi cyose cyo kuyitunga.Sisitemu zo kubika ingufu zivanze zose hamwekurushaho kugabanya ubukana n'ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho.
3. Isoko ry'Uburyo bwo Kubika Ingufu za Bateri Zivanze
Isoko ry’uburyo bwo kubika ingufu za batiri zivanze ririmo kwiyongera cyane bitewe n’imbaraga mpuzamahanga zo kongera ingufu. Iri soko ry’uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zivanze riterwa inkunga n’izamuka ry’ibikenewe mu buryo buhoraho, igabanuka ry’ibiciro by’ikoranabuhanga, na politiki zishyigikira. Uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zivanze mu buryo bwo kongera ingufu zikoreshwa mu ngufu zisubiramo burimo kuba igisubizo gikunzwe cyane ku bigo by’ubucuruzi n’inganda, ndetse no ku bigo binini.imituriregushaka imicungire y'ingufu ihamye kandi irambye.
4. Itandukaniro riri hagati ya sisitemu zo kubika ingufu za Hybrid na bateri za Hybrid
Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya Hybrid Energy Storage Systems na Hybrid Energy Storage Batteries:
Sisitemu zo kubika ingufu zivanze (HESS): Izi ni sisitemu nini z’ingufu zidahinduka (nk’izivuzwe haruguru) zagenewe kubika ingufu, cyane cyane zituruka ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi cyangwa izishobora kuvugururwa, hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye nka bateri, supercaps, flywheels, nibindi. Tekereza kuri megawatts na megawatt-hours.
Bateri za Hybrid:Iri jambo ubusanzwe risobanura paki imwe yihariye ya bateri ifite ingufu nyinshi iboneka mu modoka zivanze cyangwa zikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs). Izi zagenewe kugenda, gutanga imbaraga zo gutwara no gufata ingufu zo kugarura feri. Gusimbuza bateri zivanze ni serivisi isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gusiga imodoka zishaje, idafite aho ihuriye no kubika ibyuma bihoraho.
Muri make, HESS ni urubuga rugezweho kandi rukoresha ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye rwo gushyiramo ikoranabuhanga rya "grid/"ububiko bw'ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu nganda, mu gihe bateri y’imvange ari isoko y’ingufu z’ibinyabiziga ifite igice kimwe. Gusobanukirwa icyo ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu z’imvange ari cyo bigira uruhare runini mu kubaka ejo hazaza h’ingufu zisukuye kandi zihamye.