Amaseli e-lithium ebanga B, obeye aziwe njengoamaseli kagesi e-lithium asetshenziswe kabusha, zigcina u-60-80% wamandla azo okuqala futhi zibalulekile ekujikelezeni kwezinsiza kodwa zibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu. Ngesikhathi zisetshenziswa kabusha kuisitoreji samandlanoma ukubuyisa izinsimbi zawo kunegalelo ekusimameni, cishe ama-70% ala maseli e-lithium asetshenzisiwe eShayina angena ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezingekho emthethweni. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kubeka usongo ekuphepheni kwemvelo. Lokhu kuhlaziya kuhlola inkinga emakethe yamaseli ebhethri e-lithium eBanga B laseShayina, izingozi zokuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha okungakahleleki kanye nezixazululo eziqhubekayo.
Ukuphinda usebenzise amabhethri e-lithium EV angasebenzi (amaseli ebhethri ebanga B) kubalulekile ekusimeni kwezinsizakusebenza kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Lapho umthamo webhethri wehla ube ngu-60%, izimboni zezimoto zenza ukuhlukaniswa kobungcweti kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha amaseli asetshenziswe kabusha ukuzeizinhlelo zokugcina amandla elanga, izimoto zezokuthutha, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-cascading.
Uma amabhethri engafanele ukusetshenziswa kwesibili, amasu okukhipha athuthukile athola izinsimbi ezibalulekile njenge-lithium, i-nickel, ne-cobalt, azivuselele zibe izinto zebhethri eluhlaza ukuze kufezwe ukujikeleza kwemithombo.
Ama-Coefficients Esaphulelo Nokusebenza Kahle Kokusebenzisa Kabusha
Inani elisele lamabhethri e-lithium ion aphumile (i-coefficient yesaphulelo) liyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo.
- 1. Amabhethri afakwe i-electrolyte: Isaphulelo esingu-30%-50% ngenxa yezingozi zokungcola.
- 2. Amabhethri angenawo ama-electrolyte: Finyelela ama-coefficient esaphulelo afike ku-60-80%, njengoba izinto ze-cathode/anode ezingangcolisiwe zivumela amazinga okubuyisa insimbi angu-95%+.
Iziteshi Zokusebenzisa Kabusha Ezingekho Emthethweni Zisongela Ukusimama
Njengamanje, cishe amabhethri e-EV asetshenzisiwe angama-70% adluliselwa ezimakethe ezingalawulwa. Ama-workshop amancane angenawo amalayisense noma izitifiketi zemvelo asebenzisa izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi ukuze adlule inkampani yamabhethri e-lithium asebenzisa kabusha ahambisana nemithetho. Le misebenzi idlula intela, izinqubo zokuphepha, kanye nezinqubo ezinobungani nemvelo, ibeka phambili inzuzo yesikhashana kunokusimama.
Izingozi Zemvelo Nezomnotho Zokusebenzisa Kabusha Okungekho Emthethweni
- ▲Ukubuyiselwa Kwezinto Ezingasebenzi Kahle: Izindlela ezingavuthiwe (isb., ukushisa, ukukhipha i-asidi) zikhiqiza amazinga okubuyisa insimbi angaphansi kwama-50% uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-90 ezindaweni eziqinisekisiwe ezisebenzisa i-hydrometallurgy noma i-vacuum pyrolysis
- ▲ Izingozi Zokungcola:I-Electrolyte Ukuvuza kanye nokukhishwa okunobuthi (isib. i-hydrogen fluoride, izinsimbi ezisindayo) Kungcolisa inhlabathi/amanzi.
- ▲ Ukuphazamiseka Kwemakethe:Kuvuselelwe noma kucutshungulwe kabiamabhethri omjikelezo ojulile we-lithium-ionukungena kabusha ezimakethe, okwandisa izingozi zokuphepha futhi kuphazamisa imigomo yomnotho ojikelezayo.
Lolu chungechunge olungalawulwayo luchitha izinsiza ezibalulekile ngenkathi lusongela imvelo kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Ukusungula iziteshi zokuvuselela ezisemthethweni kusabalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-EV okusimeme.
Ukubhekana nesiphithiphithiibhethri le-lithiumimikhuba yokuvuselela kabusha, sidinga uhlelo oluphelele oluhlanganisa ukwengamela okusemthethweni, izikhuthazo zemakethe, kanye nezixazululo zobuchwepheshe:
- ⭐Imithetho: Sheshisa umthetho ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwe-full chain kanye nokusetha amanani aguquguqukayo axhumene nekusasa lensimbi, okusekelwa yiziphazamiso zentela.
- ⭐Izindinganiso Zemboni: Phakamisa izithiyo zokungena ukuze ususe abadlali abangafaneleki futhi uqinise ukuphoqelelwa kwezifunda ngezinsiza zokuqapha umphakathi.
- ⭐Ukuqamba izinto ezintsha: Xhasa ubuchwepheshe bokuvuselela kabusha obunobungani nemvelo futhi ulinganisele izingozi zemakethe ngezixwayiso zakuqala.
Le ndlela ihlose ukukhulisa amazinga okusebenzisa kabusha asemthethweni kusuka ku-30% kuya ngaphezu kuka-85%, okudala imboni esimeme ezuzisa kokubili ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kwezinsiza kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Isiphetho
Impikiswano yebhethri leBanga B ikhombisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinzuzo zesikhashana kanye nokukhula okusimeme. Ngenkathi amaseli e-lithium-ion eBanga B aphinde asetshenziswe engase abonakale engabizi kakhulu ngenxa yentengo yawo encishisiwe (inani elisele elingu-30%-80%), ukukwazi kwawo ukukhokhela ngokuvamile kuvela ezinqamuleli eziyingozi: ama-workshop angekho emthethweni adlula imigomo yokuphepha, agwema intela, futhi asebenzise izindlela zokuvuselela kabusha ezingavuthiwe ezibuyisa ngaphansi kwama-50% ezinsimbi ezibalulekile. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuchitha izinsiza ezilinganiselwe kodwa futhi kubeka engcupheni imiphumela emibi kakhulu—ukungcola okunobuthi, izingozi zomlilo ezivela kumabhethri avuselelwe angazinzile, kanye nomonakalo wesikhathi eside ohlelweni lwemvelo.
Yingakho kunezindawo eziningi zokugcina amabhethri e-lithium ezishibhile emakethe manje. Kwamabhizinisi, ukubeka phambili iBanga B elishibhileAmaseli ebhethri e-LiFePO4kuwumnotho wamanga. Amaseli angaphansi kwesilinganiso atholakala eziteshini zokuvuselela ezingalawulwa alimaza ukuthembeka kwesistimu futhi aveze abasebenzisi ezikweletini zomthetho nedumela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amaseli ebhethri eBanga A—akhiqizwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingalandelelwa—aqinisekisa amazinga okubuyisa insimbi angaphezu kwama-95% ezinhlelweni ezisemthethweni ezivaliwe, okwandisa kokubili ukuphepha kanye nenani lomjikelezo wokuphila.
Indlela eya phambili icacile: Ukuphakamisa isivuno samaseli eBanga A (njengamanje angu-87%) kanye nokuphoqelela imithetho eqinile yokuvuselela kuzoqhubekisela phambili imboni. Ukukhetha abahlinzeki bamabhethri e-lithium abathobelayo akusona nje isinqumo sebhizinisi; kumelela ukuzibophezela ekuphathweni kwemvelo kanye nokuphepha kokusebenza. Lokhu kukhetha kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkampani zihambisana nemikhuba eqhubekayo ngenkathi zivikela imisebenzi yazo ezingozini ezingaba khona. Ngokwenqaba ezinye izindlela ezingaphansi kwezinga kanye nokutshala imali ezixazululweni zeBanga A eziqinisekisiwe, ababambiqhaza bathola imbuyiselo eqhubekayo ngenkathi bevikela imvelo kanye nempilo yomphakathi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-14-2025