Umkhakha wokugcina amandla waseShayina usanda kuthatha igxathu elikhulu kwezokuphepha. Ngomhlaka-1 Agasti 2025,Izinga elijwayelekile le-GB 44240-2024(Amaseli e-lithium esibili namabhethri asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla kagesi - Izidingo zokuphepha) aqale ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni. Lesi akusona nje esinye isiqondiso; indinganiso yokuqala yokuphepha kazwelonke yaseShayina eqondiswe ngqo kumabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenziswa kuizinhlelo zokugcina amandla (ESS)Lokhu kushintsha ukuphepha kusuka kokuzikhethela kuya kokubalulekile.
1. Kusebenzaphi Lo Mgomo we-GB 44240-2024?
Indinganiso ihlanganisa amabhethri e-lithium namaphakethe kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ze-ESS:
- ① Amandla okusekelayo e-Telecom
- ② Izibani eziphuthumayo eziphakathi kanye nama-alamu
- ③ Ukuqala kwenjini okulungisiwe
- ④ Izinhlelo zelanga zezindlu nezebhizinisi
- ⑤Isitoreji samandla esikalini segridi(kokubili kugridi kanye nangaphandle kwegridi)
▲ Okubaluleke kakhulu: Izinhlelo zilinganiswe ngaphezulu100 kWhziwela ngqo ngaphansi kwe-GB 44240-2024. Izinhlelo ezincane zilandela indinganiso ehlukile ye-GB 40165.
2. Kungani "Okuphoqelekile" Kubalulekile
Lokhu kushintshe umdlalo. I-GB 44240-2024 inamandla omthetho kanye nezidingo zokufinyelela emakethe. Ukuthobela imithetho akunakuxoxiswana ngakho. Iphinde ihambisane nezindinganiso ezinkulu zomhlaba wonke (i-IEC, i-UL, i-UN), okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana emhlabeni jikelele. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ibeka izidingo zokuphepha eziphelele kulo lonke umjikelezo wokuphila kwebhethri, okuhlanganisa ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukuhlola, ukuthuthwa, ukufakwa, ukusebenza, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha. Inkathi "yokushibhile nokungaphephile" isizophela.
3. Izindinganiso Zokuhlola Ukuphepha Kwebhethri Le-Lithium Eziqinile
Indinganiso iyalela ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okukhethekile okungu-23, okuhlanganisa amaseli, amamojula, kanye nezinhlelo ezigcwele. Ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kufaka phakathi:
- ⭐Ukushaja ngokweqile: Ukushaja kufike ku-1.5x i-voltage enqunyelwe ihora eli-1 (akukho mlilo/ukuqhuma).
- ⭐Ukukhishwa Ngenkani: Ukushaja kabusha kube yi-voltage esethiwe (akukho ukuqhuma kwe-thermal).
- ⭐Ukungena kwezinzipho: Ukulingisa amabhulukwe amafushane angaphakathi ngokufakwa kwenaliti okuhamba kancane kakhulu (akukho ukugoba okushisayo).
- ⭐Ukusetshenziswa Kabi Kokushisa: Ukuchayeka ku-130°C ihora eli-1.
- ⭐Okwemishini kanye Nezemvelo: Ukuhlolwa kokujikeleza kokuwa, ukuchoboza, ukushaya, ukudlidliza, kanye nokushisa.
Isithasiselo esinikezelwe sichaza ukuhlolwa kokushisa okuhamba kancane, sichaza izinto ezibangela ukushisa, amaphuzu okulinganisa, izindlela zokwehluleka (njengokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo noma ukwehla kwamandla kagesi), kanye nemininingwane.
4. Izinhlelo Zokuphatha Amabhethri Eziqinile (i-BMS)
Izidingo ze-BMS manje seziyimpoqo. Izinhlelo kumele zifake:
- ♦ Ukulawula ukushaja okungaphezu kwamandla kagesi/okungaphezu kwamandla kagesi
- ♦ Ukunqunywa kokukhishwa kwe-Under-voltage
- ♦ Ukulawula izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kwamandla
- ♦ Ukukhiya uhlelo ngokuzenzakalelayo ezimweni zephutha (abasebenzisi abakwazi ukukusetha kabusha)
Indinganiso ikhuthaza indlela ephelele yokuphepha, ikhuthaza imiklamo evimbela ukusabalala kokushisa okubalekayo.
5. Izidingo zokulebula ibhethri le-lithium elicacile neliqinile
Ukuhlonza umkhiqizo kuyaqina. Amabhethri namaphakethe kumele abe namalebula ahlala njalo esiShayina abonisa:
- ①Igama, imodeli, umthamo, isilinganiso samandla, i-voltage, imikhawulo yokushaja
- ②Umkhiqizi, usuku, i-polarity, isikhathi sokuphila esiphephile, ikhodi eyingqayizivele
- ③Amalebula kumele amelane nokushisa futhi ahlale efundeka isikhathi eside. Amaphakethe nawo adinga izixwayiso ezicacile: "Akukho Ukuhlukaniswa," "Gwema Amazinga Okushisa Aphezulu," "Yeka Ukusebenzisa Uma Uvuvukele."
6. Isiphetho
I-GB 44240-2024 iphawula isinyathelo esibalulekile saseShayina sokuphepha okuphoqelekile, kwezinga eliphezulu embonini yayo yokugcina amandla ekhulayo. Ibeka izinga eliphezulu, iqhuba ikhwalithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphepha kuyo yonke ibhodi. Kubakhiqizi abathembele kumaqhinga "ashibhile, aphephile kancane", umdlalo usuphelile. Lesi isisekelo esisha sokuthembekaI-ESSeShayina.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-07-2025