Umkhakha wokugcinwa kwamandla kagesi eChina usanda kuthatha igxathu elikhulu kwezokuphepha. Ngo-Agasti 1, 2025, i-I-GB 44240-2024 ejwayelekile(Amaseli e-lithium yesibili namabhethri asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla kagesi-Izidingo zokuphepha) aqale ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni. Lokhu akuwona nje omunye umhlahlandlela; iyindinganiso yokuqala eyisibopho yokuphepha kazwelonke yaseChina eqondise ngokuqondile amabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenziswa kuwoamasistimu okugcina amandla (ESS). Lokhu kuthutha kushintsha ukuphepha ekubeni okokuzithandela kuye kokubalulekile.
1. Lisebenza Kuphi Leli Zinga le-GB 44240-2024?
Izinga lifaka amabhethri e-lithium namaphakethe ezinhlelweni ezihlukene ze-ESS:
- ① Amandla ayisipele we-Telecom
- ② Izibani eziphuthumayo ezimaphakathi nama-alamu
- ③ Injini engashintshi iyaqala
- ④ Amasistimu elanga okuhlala nawokuhweba
- ⑤Isitoreji samandla esikali segridi(kokubili kugridi naku-off-grid)
▲ Ngokubalulekile: Amasistimu akalwe ngaphezulu100 kWhiwe ngqo ngaphansi kwe-GB 44240-2024. Amasistimu amancane alandela indinganiso ye-GB 40165 ehlukene.
2. Kungani "Kuyimpoqo" Indaba
Lokhu kungukushintsha kwegeyimu. I-GB 44240-2024 iphethe amandla omthetho kanye nezidingo zokufinyelela emakethe. Ukuthobelana akuxoxiswana ngakho. Iphinde ihambisane nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe (IEC, UL, UN), iqinisekisa ukuhambisana emhlabeni jikelele. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ibeka izidingo zokuphepha eziphelele kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yebhethri, okuhlanganisa ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukuhlola, ezokuthutha, ukufakwa, ukusebenza, nokugaywa kabusha. Isikhathi "soshibhile futhi esingaphephile" siyaphela.
3. Amazinga Aqinile Wokuhlola Ukuphepha Kwebhethri Lithium
Izinga ligunyaza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuqondile okungu-23, amaseli ambozayo, amamojula, namasistimu agcwele. Ukuhlola okubalulekile kuhlanganisa:
- ⭐Imali engaphezulu: Ishaja ku-1.5x umkhawulo kagesi wehora elingu-1 (akukho mlilo/ukuqhuma).
- ⭐Ukukhipha Ngempoqo: Buyisela ukushaja ku-voltage emisiwe (ayikho i-thermal runaway).
- ⭐Ukungena Kwezinzipho: Ukulingisa izikhindi zangaphakathi ngokufaka inaliti enensa kakhulu (akukho ukugijima okushisayo).
- ⭐Ukuhlukunyezwa Okushisayo: Ukuchayeka ku-130°C ihora elingu-1.
- ⭐Ezomshini nezemvelo: Ukwehla, ukuchoboza, umthelela, ukudlidliza, nezinga lokushisa lokuhlola ukuhamba ngebhayisikili.
Isithasiselo esizinikele sichaza ukuhlolwa kokubaleka kwe-thermal, icacisa izibangeli, izindawo zokulinganisa, imibandela yokwehluleka (njengokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo noma ukwehla kwamandla kagesi), kanye nemininingwane.
4. Amasistimu Okulawula Ibhethri Aqinile (BMS)
Izidingo ze-BMS manje seziyisibopho. Amasistimu kumele afake:
- ♦ I-over-voltage/over-current charge control
- ♦ Ukunqanyulwa kokukhishwa kwe-under-voltage
- ♦ Ukulawula izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu
- ♦ Ukuvalwa kwesistimu okuzenzakalelayo ezimeni zephutha (akulungiseki kabusha abasebenzisi)
Izinga liphusha indlela ephelele yokuphepha, ekhuthaza amadizayini avimbela ukusakazeka kokubaleka okushisayo.
5. Izidingo zokulebula ibhethri ye-lithium ecacile futhi eqinile
Ukuhlonza umkhiqizo kuba nzima. Amabhethri namaphekhi kufanele abe namalebula ahlala e-Chinese abonisa:
- ①Igama, imodeli, umthamo, isilinganiso samandla, i-voltage, imikhawulo yokushaja
- ②Umkhiqizi, idethi, i-polarity, impilo ephephile, ikhodi eyingqayizivele
- ③Amalebula kufanele amelane nokushisa futhi ahlale efundeka isikhathi eside. Amaphekhi futhi adinga izexwayiso ezicacile: "Akukho Ukuqaqa," "Gwema Amazinga Okushisa Aphezulu," "Yeka Ukusebenzisa Uma Ukuvuvukala."
6. Isiphetho
I-GB 44240-2024 iphawula isinyathelo esiwujuqu saseShayina esibheke ekuphepheni okuyimpoqo, okusezingeni eliphezulu embonini yayo echumayo yokugcina amandla. Ibeka ibha ephezulu, ikhwalithi yokushayela kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphepha kulo lonke ibhodi. Kubakhiqizi abathembele kumaqhinga "angabizi kakhulu, okuphepha okuphansi", igeyimu isiphelile. Lesi isisekelo esisha sokuthembekaESSeChina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-07-2025