Amabhethri Okugeleza kweVanadium Redox (ama-VFB)ubuchwepheshe obusha bokugcina amandla obunamandla amakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokugcina ezinkulu, ezihlala isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nobuchwepheshe obuvamileisitoreji sebhethri esingashajwa kabusha, ama-VFB asebenzisa isixazululo se-vanadium electrolyte kokubili ama-electrode amahle nangalungile, okwenza abe ahlukile ngokuklama nokusebenza.
Iyini ibhethri le-Vanadium Redox Flow?
Iibhethri le-vanadium redox (VRB), eyaziwa nangokuthi ibhethri lokugeleza kwe-vanadium (VFB) noma ibhethri lokugeleza kwe-vanadium redox (VRFB), uhlobo lwebhethri lokugeleza elingashajwa kabusha.
Isebenzisa ama-ion e-vanadium ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ze-oxidation ukugcina nokukhulula amandla kagesi. Ngokungafani namabhethri avamile, ama-VRFB agcina amandla kuma-electrolyte aketshezi ajikeleza ohlelweni kunakuma-electrode aqinile. Lo mklamo uvumela ukukhuliswa nokuguquguquka.izixazululo zokugcina amandla.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zebhethri Lokugeleza Kwe-Vanadium Redox
| Ingxenye Eyinhloko | Incazelo |
| Ama-electrolyte | - I-VRFB isebenzisa ama-electrolyte amabili aketshezi, ngokuvamile aqukethe i-vanadium ezimweni ezahlukene ze-oxidation (V²⁺, V³⁺, V⁴⁺, kanye ne-V⁵⁺). |
| Ama-electrode | - Ama-electrode amabili (ngokuvamile i-carbon noma izinto ezifanayo) enza kube lula ukusabela kwe-redox (ukunciphisa kanye ne-oxidation) ukuze kukhishwe noma kugcinwe amandla. |
| Ulwelwesi | - I-membrane eqhuba i-proton (evame ukwenziwa nge-Nafion) ihlukanisa izixazululo ezimbili ze-electrolyte, ivumela ukugeleza kwe-ion phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokushaja/wokukhipha. |
| Amaphampu kanye neSistimu Yokugeleza | - Lezi zingxenye zijikeleza ama-electrolyte ngeseli le-electrochemical, ziqinisekisa ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kwama-ion e-vanadium enqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla. |
Isebenza Kanjani Ibhethri Lokugeleza Kwe-Vanadium Redox?
- 1. Umjikelezo Wokuphuma Echibini
- Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa, ama-ion e-vanadium ezixazululweni ze-electrolyte ezinhle nezimbi abhekana nokusabela kwe-oxidation kanye nokunciphisa kuma-electrode, akhiphe amandla kagesi.
- 2. Umjikelezo Wokushaja
- Ngesikhathi sokushaja, amandla agcinwa ngokuguqula ukusabela kwe-oxidation kanye nokunciphisa, kushukumise ama-ion e-vanadium abuyele ezimeni zawo zokuqala ze-oxidation. Le nqubo ihilela ukusebenzisa ugesi wangaphandle ohlelweni.
- 3. Ama-Electrolyte Agelezayo
- Isici esiyinhloko samabhethri okugeleza ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrolyte aketshezi adonswa ohlelweni, okuvumela amandla ebhethri ukuthi akhuliswe kalula ngokwandisa usayizi wamatangi okugcina ama-electrolyte.
Izinzuzo Zamabhethri E-Vanadium Redox Flow
- √ Ukusabalala
Ama-VRFB angandiswa kalula ngokwandisa usayizi wamatangi e-electrolyte, okwenza abe afaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina amandla ezinkulu njengokulinganisela kwegridi kanye nokugcina amandla avuselelekayo. - √ Impilo Ende Yomjikelezo
I-Vanadium ayiwohloki ngesikhathi sokujikeleza (ngoba isebenzisa izinto ezifanayo kuma-electrolyte amahle nangalungile), okunikeza ama-VRFB impilo yokusebenza ende uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-chemistry ebhethri.
I-Naturgy isebenzise leli bhethri lokugeleza kwe-vanadium eZamora, eSpain.
- √Ukuphepha
Ama-VRFB aphephile ngoba ama-electrolyte awashi futhi awanobuthi. Uhlobo loketshezi luphinde lunciphise ingozi yokushisa, okungaba yinto ekhathazayo kwezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri. - √ Ukusebenza kahle
Ama-VRFB angaba nokusebenza kahle kokuhamba nokubuya (iphesenti lamandla atholakele ngesikhathi sokukhipha) kusukela ku-65% kuya ku-85%, kuye ngomklamo kanye nezimo zokusebenza. -
√ Ukuhlukanisa Amandla Namandla
Ama-VRFB angalinganisa ngokuzimela amandla (usayizi wamathangi e-electrolyte) kanye namandla (usayizi weseli le-electrochemical), okuwanikeza ukuguquguquka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamabhethri E-Vanadium Redox Flow
Ibhethri lokugeleza kwe-vanadium elingu-1 MW 4 MWh elisezitsheni eliphethwe yiIzinsiza ze-Avista futhi zakhiwe yi-UniEnergy Technologies.
- ⭐Isitoreji Segridi:Ama-VRFB awusizo kakhulu ekugcineni amandla amaningi avela emithonjeni evuselelekayo njengomoya kanye nelanga, enikeza isivikelo sokulungisa ukuhlangana kwale mithombo yamandla.
- ⭐Ukuhlanganiswa Kwamandla Avuselelekayo:Bangakwazi ukugcina amandla lapho isidingo siphansi bese bewakhipha ngesikhathi samahora okufuneka kakhulu.
- ⭐Amandla Okusekelayo:Ama-VRFB angasetshenziswa futhi ezinhlelweni zamandla ezisekelayo kwingqalasizinda ebalulekile.
Ibhethri Lokugeleza Kwe-Vanadium Redox VS Ibhethri Le-Lithium Ion
| Isici | Ibhethri Lokugeleza Kwe-Vanadium Redox (VFB) | |
| Ukuphepha | Kuphephile ngokwemvelo ngenxa yezixazululo ze-electrolyte zamanzi, akukho ukuphunyuka kokushisa, imililo, noma ukuqhuma. | Kungaba izingozi zokuphepha, okuhlanganisa ukubaleka kokushisa, imililo, noma ukuqhuma uma konakele noma kushiswa kakhulu. |
| Ukusabalala | Ingakhuliswa kalula, okuvumela ukunwetshwa kwe-modular okufanelekela izindawo ezinkulu zokugcina (amakhulu e-MWh). | Ayikhuli kakhulu; ivame ukusetshenziswa kumayunithi anosayizi ozinzile, yize ingakhuliselwa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. |
| Izindleko Zokuqala | Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kusengaphambili uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-Li-ion. | Izindleko eziphansi kusengaphambili uma kuqhathaniswa nezama-VFB. |
| Ubuningi Bamandla | Ubuningi bamandla obuphansi (12-40 Wh/kg), okwenza zingafaneleki ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeselula njenge-EV. | Ubuningi bamandla aphezulu (80-300 Wh/kg), okulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula njengezimoto zikagesi (ama-EV). |
| Ukusebenza Kahle Kokuguqulwa Kwamandla | Ukusebenza kahle okuphansi (70-75%) uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-Li-ion. | Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu (90%) ngenxa yemijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha esebenza kahle kakhulu. |
| Impilo Yomjikelezo | Ukuphila komjikelezo omude kakhulu (imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-10,000, eminye imijikelezo idlula u-20,000). | Impilo yomjikelezo omfushane (ngokuvamile imijikelezo eyi-1,000-3,000, kuye ngohlobo lwebhethri kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo). |
| Izindleko Zokuphila Konke | Izindleko eziphansi nge-Watt-Hour (Wh) kuyo yonke impilo. Inobungani kakhulu nemvelo ngama-electrolyte e-vanadium angasetshenziswa kabusha. | Izindleko eziphakeme zokuphila konke ngehora le-watt ngenxa yokuphila komjikelezo omfushane kanye nokuwohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Izindleko Nge-Wh | Njengamanje cishe ku-$0.30-$0.40 nge-Wh ngayinye, okungabizi kakhulu ekugcineni amandla isikhathi eside. | Ngokuvamile u-$0.50 nge-Wh, izindleko eziphezulu zokugcina isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuphila komjikelezo omfushane kanye nokuwohloka okusheshayo. |
▲Amabhethri Okugeleza kweVanadium Redox (ama-VFB) zifaneleka kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla ezinkulu, ezihlala isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuphepha kwazo, ukusabalala kwazo, impilo yomjikelezo omude, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko esikhathini eside. Kodwa-ke, ubuningi bazo bamandla aphansi kanye nezindleko zokuqala eziphezulu kuzenza zingafaneleki ukusetshenziswa njengezimoto zikagesi.
▲ Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion (i-Li-ion)zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni eziphathwayo njengezimoto zikagesi ngenxa yobuningi bazo bamandla aphezulu, kodwa ziza nezingozi zokuphepha, impilo yomjikelezo omfushane, kanye nezindleko eziphakeme zesikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa nama-VFB.
Izinkampani Eziyi-10 Eziphezulu Zebhethri Le-Vanadium Flow
Kunezinkampani nezinhlangano eziningana emhlabeni wonke ezisebenza ekuthuthukisweni nasekuthengisweni kwamabhethri e-Vanadium Redox Flow (VRFBs), ngokugxila kuizixazululo zokugcina amandla ezinkuluAbanye abadlali ababalulekile emakethe ye-VRFB bahlanganisa izinkampani ezisunguliwe kanye nezinkampani ezintsha ezigxile kulobu buchwepheshe.
1. I-RedT Energy (manje eyi-Invinity Energy Systems)
- Indawo: i-United Kingdom
- Ukubuka konke: I-RedT Energy ihlanganiswe ne-HydroStar ukwakha i-Invinity Energy Systems. Bangochwepheshe ezixazululweni zokugcina amandla zesikhathi eside ezisekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-VRFB. Imikhiqizo yabo ihloselwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla zezimboni nezegridi.
- Indawo: IShayina / iKhanada
- Ukubuka konke:I-VRB Energy iyinkampani engaphansi kwe-State Grid Corporation yaseShayina futhi igxile ekuthuthukisweni nasekuthengisweni kwama-VRFB. Anikeza izixazululo zokugcina amandla ezinkulu futhi asebenza kakhulu kokubili emakethe yaseShayina nakwamanye amazwe.
3. SIzimboni Zikagesi ze-umitomo
- Indawo: I-Japan
- Ukubuka konke: I-Sumitomo ibilokhu idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bebhethri le-Vanadium Redox Flow. Le nkampani ithuthukise izinhlelo zayo ze-VRFB futhi izisebenzise kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene okugcina amandla, ikakhulukazi emakethe yaseJapan.
4. Izinhlelo Zamandla E-Imergy
- Indawo: I-united states
- Ukubuka konke:I-Imergy Power Systems igxile ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri okugeleza asekelwe ku-vanadium ukuze kugcinwe amandla ngegridi. Le nkampani igxile ekuhlanganiseni imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengelanga nomoya kanye nesitoreji samandla.
5. Ama-Sivens
- Indawo:IFrance
- Ukubuka konke: I-Sivens yinkampani yaseFrance ehilelekile ekukhiqizweni kwezinhlelo ze-VRFB zokugcina amandla. Bagxile ekwakheni izixazululo zokugcina amandla ezingabizi kakhulu nezihlala isikhathi eside kokubili kwezicelo zezentengiselwano nezezimboni.
6. I-VanadiumCorp Resource Inc.
- Indawo:I-Canada
- Ukubuka konke: I-VanadiumCorp Resource Inc. yinkampani yezimayini nobuchwepheshe yaseCanada egxile ekukhishweni kwe-vanadium kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-VRFB. Le nkampani isebenza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhishwa kwe-vanadium kanye nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha ze-VRFB.
7. Izinhlelo Zokugcina Amandla (ESS, Inc.)
- Indawo:I-united states
- Ukubuka konke:I-ESS Inc. yinkampani egxile ezixazululweni zokugcina amandla ezihlala isikhathi eside isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bebhethri lokugeleza kwensimbi, obufana ne-VRFB kodwa isebenzisa insimbi esikhundleni se-vanadium. Banikeza izixazululo zokugcina amandla ezinkulu, kodwa umsebenzi wabo uyingxenye yemakethe ekhulayo yamabhethri okugeleza.
8. Izinhlelo Zokugcina Amandla zeCellCube
- Indawo:I-Austria / iKhanada
- Ukubuka konke: I-CellCube, inkampani engaphansi kwe-Gildemeister Energy Storage, igxile ekukhiqizeni nasekusebenziseni amabhethri e-Vanadium Redox Flow ukuze kugcinwe igridi. Le nkampani ihileleke kakhulu kumaphrojekthi amakhulu okugcina amandla eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika.
9. Izixazululo Zamandla Avuselelekayo (Iqembu le-RES)
- Indawo: i-United Kingdom
- Ukubuka konke:I-RES Group, inkampani enkulu yamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke, isebenza ekuhlanganiseni amabhethri okugeleza kwe-vanadium ezinhlelweni zamandla njengengxenye yomgomo wayo wokuthuthukisa izixazululo zokugcina amandla ezizinzile nezinkulu zezinto ezivuselelekayo.
- Indawo:IShayina
- Ukubuka konke: I-Pu Neng (PNT) yinkampani yaseShayina ethuthukisa futhi ikhiqize amabhethri e-Vanadium Redox Flow ezixazululo zokugcina amandla ezincane nezinkulu. Bagxile ekuhlanganiseni ama-VRFB ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelekayo.
Izinselele kanye namathemba esikhathi esizayo
Nakuba amabhethri e-Vanadium Redox Flow enikeza izinzuzo ezithembisayo, kunezinselele ezithile okudingeka kubhekwane nazo:
- ●Intengo yebhethri le-Vanadium Redox Flow:Izindleko ze-vanadium kanye nengqalasizinda edingekayo ezinhlelweni ezinkulu ze-VFB zingaba phezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula futhi ukukhiqizwa kwe-vanadium kukhuphuka, izindleko kulindeleke ukuthi zehle.
- ●Ubuningi Bamandla:Nakuba ama-VFB enamakhono amahle kakhulu okusebenza isikhathi eside, ubuningi bawo bamandla (inani lamandla agcinwe ngeyunithi ngayinye yomthamo noma isisindo) buphansi kunobamabhethri e-lithium-ion noma e-solid-state. Lokhu kungenza angafaneleki kangako ukusetshenziswa lapho isikhala nesisindo kubalulekile khona.
- ●Ukusebenza kahle: Ukusebenza kahle kwama-VFB, yize kuphezulu, kusephansi kancane kunokwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, intuthuko ezintweni zokwakha kanye nomklamo kulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Isiphetho
Ibhethri i-Vanadium Redox Flow iyisisombululo sokugcina amandla esisha nesithembisayo esinamandla okuguqula izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezinkulu. Ukusabalala kwayo, impilo yomjikelezo omude, ukuphepha, kanye nomklamo onobungani nemvelo kwenza kube inketho ekhangayo yokugcina igridi, ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla ezinkulu. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula futhi kutholakala ukwehliswa kwezindleko, ama-VFB angadlala indima ebalulekile esikhathini esizayo seisitoreji samandla esimeme, okusiza ekudaleni igridi yamandla eqinile futhi ethembekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-07-2025