A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2024, a lokacin Amurka - Fadar White House da ke Amurka ta fitar da wata sanarwa, inda Shugaba Joe Biden ya umarci Ofishin Wakilin Kasuwanci na Amurka da ya kara kudin harajin kayayyakin hasken rana na kasar Sin a karkashin Sashe na 301 na Dokar Ciniki ta 1974 daga kashi 25% zuwa kashi 50%.
Bisa ga wannan umarni, shugaban Amurka Joe Biden ya sanar a ranar Talata cewa zai sanya karin haraji mai yawa a kanBatirin lithium-ion na kasar Sinda kuma gabatar da sabbin haraji kan na'urorin kwamfuta, na'urorin hasken rana, da motocin lantarki (EVs) a matsayin wani ɓangare na dabarunsa na kare ma'aikata da 'yan kasuwa na Amurka. A ƙarƙashin Sashe na 301, an umurci Wakilin Kasuwanci da ya ƙara haraji kan kayayyakin da aka shigo da su daga China da darajarsu ta kai dala biliyan 18.
Harajin da ake biya kan EVs, ƙarfe da aluminum da aka shigo da su da kuma ƙwayoyin hasken rana za su fara aiki a wannan shekarar; yayin da waɗanda ke kan kwakwalwan kwamfuta za su fara aiki a shekara mai zuwa. Batirin motoci marasa amfani da wutar lantarki na Lithium-ion zai fara aiki a shekarar 2026.
Musamman, ƙimar haraji donBatirin lithium-ion na kasar Sin(ba don EVs ba) za a ƙara daga 7.5% zuwa 25%, yayin da motocin lantarki (EVs) za su fuskanci ƙimar riba sau huɗu na 100%. Adadin kuɗin fito akan ƙwayoyin hasken rana da semiconductor za a sanya shi cikin harajin kashi 50% - ninki biyu na farashin yanzu. Bugu da ƙari, ƙimar shigo da wasu ƙarfe da aluminum za ta ƙaru da kashi 25%, fiye da sau uku na matakin yanzu.
Ga sabbin harajin da Amurka ta sanya wa kayayyakin da China ke shigowa da su:
| Harajin Amurka akan jerin kayayyakin da China ke shigowa da su(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Kayayyaki | Tsarin Kuɗi na Asali | Sabon Tsarin Kuɗi |
| Batirin abin hawa mara amfani da wutar lantarki na Lithium-ion | 7.5% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2026 |
| Batirin motar lantarki ta Lithium-ion | 7.5% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2024 |
| Sassan batirin (batura marasa lithium-ion) | 7.5% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2024 |
| Kwayoyin hasken rana (ko an haɗa su cikin kayayyaki ko a'a) | 25.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 50% a shekarar 2024 |
| Kayayyakin ƙarfe da aluminum | 0-7.5% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2024 |
| Jiragen ruwa zuwa bakin teku | 0.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2024 |
| Semiconductors | 25.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 50% a shekarar 2025 |
| Motocin lantarki | 25.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 100% a 2024 |
| Magnet na dindindin don batirin EV | 0.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2026 |
| Graphite na halitta don batirin EV | 0.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2026 |
| Sauran ma'adanai masu mahimmanci | 0.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2024 |
| Kayayyakin Lafiya: safar hannu ta roba da ta tiyata | 7.5% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 25% a shekarar 2026 |
| Kayayyakin Lafiya: wasu na'urorin numfashi da abin rufe fuska | 0-7.5% | IKarin kudin shiga na nzirari zuwa kashi 25% a shekarar 2024 |
| Kayayyakin Lafiya: Sirinji da allurai | 0.0% | Ƙara yawan kuɗi zuwa 50% a 2024 |
Sashe na 301 Bincike game dabatirin hasken ranaharajin yana gabatar da damammaki da ƙalubale ga ci gaban masana'antar adana batirin hasken rana ta Amurka. Duk da cewa yana iya ƙarfafa masana'antar hasken rana ta cikin gida da kuma samar da aikin yi, yana kuma iya yin mummunan tasiri ga tattalin arzikin duniya da ciniki.
Baya ga shingayen ciniki, gwamnatin Biden ta kuma gabatar da shawarwari kan abubuwan ƙarfafa gwiwa - Dokar Rage Hauhawar Kumburi (IRA) don haɓaka hasken rana a shekarar 2022. Wannan mataki ne mai kyau wajen rage hayakin da ke gurbata muhalli da kuma haɓaka makamashi mai tsafta a ƙasar, wanda hakan ya nuna wani muhimmin ci gaba a tsarin haɓaka makamashi mai sabuntawa.
Kudirin dala biliyan 369 ya haɗa da tallafin kuɗi ga ɓangarorin buƙatu da wadata na makamashin rana. A ɓangaren buƙata, akwai kuɗaɗen harajin saka hannun jari (ITC) da ake da su don tallafawa kuɗaɗen farko na aikin da kuɗaɗen harajin samarwa (PTC) bisa ga ainihin samar da wutar lantarki. Ana iya ƙara waɗannan kuɗaɗen ta hanyar biyan buƙatun ma'aikata, buƙatun masana'antu na Amurka, da sauran sharuɗɗan ci gaba. A ɓangaren samar da kayayyaki, akwai kuɗaɗen aikin makamashi na ci gaba (48C ITC) don kuɗaɗen gina wurare da kayan aiki, da kuma kuɗaɗen samar da kayayyaki na ci gaba (45X MPTC) da ke da alaƙa da yawan tallace-tallace na samfura daban-daban.
Dangane da bayanin da aka bayar, harajin ya hau kanbatirin lithium ion don adana hasken ranaba za a aiwatar da shi ba har zuwa shekarar 2026, wanda hakan zai ba da damar sauya sheka. Wannan yana ba da kyakkyawar dama ta shigo da batirin lithium ion na hasken rana tare da goyon bayan manufar hasken rana ta IRA. Idan kai dillalin batirin hasken rana ne, mai rarrabawa, ko dillali, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da wannan damar yanzu. Don siyan batirin lithium na hasken rana mai takardar shaidar UL mai rahusa, tuntuɓi ƙungiyar tallace-tallace ta YouthPOWER asales@youth-power.net.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-16-2024