Ka la 14 Mots'eanong, 2024, nakong ea Amerika — Ntlo e Tšoeu ea United States e ntšitse polelo, moo Mopresidente Joe Biden a laetseng Ofisi ea Moemeli oa Khoebo oa US ho eketsa sekhahla sa lekhetho lihlahisoa tsa letsatsi tsa China tsa photovoltaic tlas'a Karolo ea 301 ea Molao oa Khoebo oa 1974 ho tloha ho 25% ho ea ho 50%.
Ho latela taelo ena, Mopresidente oa Amerika Joe Biden o phatlalalitse ka Labobeli merero ea hae ea ho qobella keketseho e kholo ea litefiso hoLibetri tsa lithium-ion tsa Chinale ho hlahisa ditefiso tse ntjha hodima di-chip tsa dikhomphutha, disele tsa letsatsi, le dikoloi tsa motlakase (di-EV) e le karolo ya leano la hae la ho sireletsa basebetsi le dikgwebo tsa Amerika. Tlasa Karolo ya 301, Moemedi wa Kgwebo o laetswe ho eketsa ditefiso hodima thepa e tswang China e kaalo ka $18 bilione.
Litefiso tsa li-EV, tšepe le thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha ea aluminium hammoho le lisele tsa letsatsi li tla qala ho sebetsa selemong sena; ha tse holim'a li-chip tsa lik'homphieutha li tla qala ho sebetsa selemong se tlang. Libetri tsa likoloi tse seng tsa motlakase tsa lithium-ion li tla qala ho sebetsa ka 2026.
Ka ho khetheha, sekhahla sa tefiso bakeng saLibetri tsa lithium-ion tsa China(eseng bakeng sa di-EV) di tla eketsoa ho tloha ho 7.5% ho ya ho 25%, ha dikoloi tsa motlakase (di-EV) di tla tobana le sekgahla se imenneng hane sa 100%. Sekgahla sa tefiso diseleng tsa letsatsi le di-semiconductor se tla lefiswa tefiso ya 50% - sekgahla sa hona jwale se imenne habeli. Ho phaella moo, sekgahla sa dintho tse itseng tse kenngwang kantle ho naha tsa tshepe le aluminium se tla nyoloha ka 25%, e leng se fetang sekgahla sa hona jwale hararo.
Mona ke litefiso tsa morao-rao tsa US ho thepa e tsoang Chaena:
| Litefiso tsa US ho mefuta e fapaneng ea thepa e tsoang Chaena(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Thepa | Tefiso ea Pele | Tefiso e Ncha |
| Libetri tsa likoloi tse seng tsa motlakase tsa lithium-ion | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Libetri tsa koloi ea motlakase ea lithium-ion | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Likarolo tsa betri (libetri tse seng tsa lithium-ion) | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Lisele tsa letsatsi (ebang li kopantsoe ka li-module kapa che) | 25.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 50% ka 2024 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa tšepe le aluminium | 0-7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Romela likereneng tsa lebopong | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Li-semiconductor | 25.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 50% ka 2025 |
| Likoloi tsa motlakase | 25.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 100% ka 2024 |
| Limakenete tse sa feleng bakeng sa libeteri tsa EV | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Graphite ea tlhaho bakeng sa libeteri tsa EV | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Liminerale tse ling tsa bohlokoa | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa Bongaka: liatlana tsa rabara tsa bongaka le tsa opereishene | 7.5% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2026 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa Bongaka: li-respirator tse ling le limaske tsa sefahleho | 0-7.5% | Ikeketseho ea sekhahla ho fihlela ho 25% ka 2024 |
| Lihlahisoa tsa Bongaka: Lisirinji le linalete | 0.0% | Eketsa sekhahla ho fihlela ho 50% ka 2024 |
Karolo ea 301 Phuputso mabapi lebetri ea letsatsiLitefiso li hlahisa menyetla le liphephetso bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea polokelo ea libeteri tsa matla a letsatsi ea Amerika. Leha e ka susumetsa tlhahiso ea bona ea letsatsi le mesebetsi ea bona ea lehae, e ka boela ea ba le litlamorao tse mpe moruong oa lefats'e le khoebong.
Ntle le litšitiso tsa khoebo, tsamaiso ea Biden e boetse e sisintse likhothaletso - Molao oa Phokotso ea Inflation (IRA) bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea letsatsi ka 2022. E ne e le mohato o motle oa ho fokotsa likhase tse silafatsang moea le ho khothaletsa matla a hloekileng naheng, e leng se tšoaeang ntlha ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea eona ea nts'etsopele ea matla a nchafatsoang.
Bili ea $369 bilione e kenyelletsa lithuso bakeng sa likarolo tsa matla a letsatsi tse lehlakoreng la tlhoko le tsa phepelo. Ka lehlakoreng la tlhoko, ho na le mekitlane ea lekhetho la matsete (ITC) e fumanehang ho tšehetsa litšenyehelo tsa pele tsa projeke le mekitlane ea lekhetho la tlhahiso (PTC) ho latela tlhahiso ea 'nete ea motlakase. Mekitlane ena e ka eketsoa ka ho fihlela litlhoko tsa basebetsi, litlhoko tsa tlhahiso ea US, le maemo a mang a tsoetseng pele. Ka lehlakoreng la phepelo, ho na le mekitlane ea projeke ea matla a tsoetseng pele (48C ITC) bakeng sa litšenyehelo tsa kaho ea setsi le lisebelisoa, hammoho le mekitlane ea tlhahiso ea tlhahiso e tsoetseng pele (45X MPTC) e hokahaneng le bongata bo fapaneng ba thekiso ea lihlahisoa.
Ho latela tlhahisoleseding e fanoeng, litefiso tsabetri ea lithium ion bakeng sa polokelo ea letsatsie ke ke ea kenngoa tšebetsong ho fihlela ka 2026, e leng se lumellang nako ea phetoho. Sena se fana ka monyetla o motle oa ho kenya libeteri tsa lithium ion tsa letsatsi ka tšehetso ea leano la letsatsi la IRA. Haeba u morekisi oa libeteri tsa letsatsi ka bongata, mofani oa thepa, kapa morekisi, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa monyetla ona hona joale. Ho reka libeteri tsa lithium tsa letsatsi tse netefalitsoeng ke UL tse theko e tlaase, ka kopo ikopanye le sehlopha sa thekiso sa YouthPOWER hosales@youth-power.net.
Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-16-2024