Ngomhla we-14 kuCanzibe, ngowama-2024, ngexesha lase-US — I-White House e-United States ikhuphe ingxelo, apho uMongameli uJoe Biden wayalela i-Ofisi yoMmeli woRhwebo wase-US ukuba yonyuse izinga lerhafu kwiimveliso zelanga zaseTshayina phantsi kweCandelo 301 loMthetho woRhwebo ka-1974 ukusuka kwi-25% ukuya kwi-50%.
Ngokuhambelana nalo myalelo, uMongameli waseMelika uJoe Biden ubhengeze ngoLwesibini izicwangciso zakhe zokunyusa kakhulu irhafuIibhetri ze-lithium-ion zaseTshayinakwaye aqalise iirhafu ezintsha kwiitships zekhompyutha, iiseli zelanga, kunye nezithuthi zombane (ii-EV) njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sakhe sokukhusela abasebenzi baseMelika kunye namashishini. Phantsi kweCandelo 301, uMmeli woRhwebo uyalelwe ukuba anyuse iirhafu kwiimpahla ezingeniswayo ezivela eTshayina ezixabisa i-$18 yeebhiliyoni.
Iirhafu kwii-EV, intsimbi kunye nezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-aluminium kunye neeseli zelanga ziya kuqala ukusebenza kulo nyaka; ngelixa ezo zikwiitships zekhompyutha ziya kuqala ukusebenza kunyaka ozayo. Iibhetri zezithuthi ezingezizo ezombane ze-lithium-ion ziya kuqala ukusebenza ngo-2026.
Ngokukodwa, izinga lerhafu ye-Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zaseTshayina(hayi ii-EV) ziya kunyuswa ukusuka kwi-7.5% ukuya kwi-25%, ngelixa izithuthi zombane (ii-EV) ziya kujongana nezinga eliphindwe kane le-100%. Ixabiso lerhafu kwiiseli zelanga kunye nee-semiconductor liya kuhlawuliswa i-50% - kabini izinga langoku. Ukongeza, amaxabiso athile eenkampani ezithumela intsimbi kunye ne-aluminium aya kunyuka ngama-25%, ngaphezulu kwesithathu kwenqanaba langoku.
Nazi iirhafu zamva nje zaseMelika kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa eTshayina:
| Iirhafu zaseMelika kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eTshayina(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Impahla | Irhafu Yokuqala | Irhafu Entsha |
| Iibhetri zezithuthi ezingezizo ezombane zeLithium-ion | 7.5% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2026 |
| Iibhetri zesithuthi sombane seLithium-ion | 7.5% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2024 |
| Iindawo zebhetri (iibhetri ezingezizo ze-lithium-ion) | 7.5% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2024 |
| Iiseli zelanga (nokuba zihlanganiswe zibe ziimodyuli okanye azihlanganiswanga) | 25.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-50% ngo-2024 |
| Iimveliso zentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium | 0-7.5% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2024 |
| Thumela kwiikreni zaselunxwemeni | 0.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2024 |
| Ii-semiconductors | 25.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-50% ngo-2025 |
| Izithuthi zombane | 25.0% | Ukunyusa izinga liye kwi-100% ngo-2024 |
| Iimagnethi ezisisigxina zeebhetri ze-EV | 0.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2026 |
| Igrafayithi yendalo yeebhetri ze-EV | 0.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2026 |
| Ezinye iiminerali ezibalulekileyo | 0.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2024 |
| Iimveliso zonyango: iiglavu zerabha zonyango nezotyando | 7.5% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-25% ngo-2026 |
| Iimveliso zonyango: ezinye izinto zokuphefumla kunye neemaski zobuso | 0-7.5% | Iizinga lokunyuka liye kuma-25% ngo-2024 |
| Iimveliso zonyango: Iisirinji kunye neenaliti | 0.0% | Ukunyuka kwezinga ukuya kuma-50% ngo-2024 |
Icandelo 301 Uphando malungaibhetri yelangaIirhafu zibonelela ngamathuba kunye nemingeni kuphuhliso lweshishini lokugcina iibhetri zamandla elanga eMelika. Nangona zinokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi yelanga yasekhaya, zinokuba nefuthe elibi kuqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye norhwebo.
Ukongeza kwimiqobo yorhwebo, ulawulo lukaBiden lukwacebise izikhuthazo - uMthetho woKuncitshiswa kwamaxabiso (IRA) wophuhliso lwelanga ngo-2022. Yayilinyathelo elihle lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu kunye nokukhuthaza amandla acocekileyo kweli lizwe, nto leyo ephawula isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yalo yophuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo.
Ibhili eyi-$369 yeebhiliyoni ibandakanya inkxaso-mali yemiba yelanga ekwicala lemfuno kunye necala lokubonelela ngamandla. Kwicala lemfuno, kukho iikhredithi zerhafu yotyalo-mali (ITC) ezikhoyo ukuxhasa iindleko zokuqala zeprojekthi kunye neekhredithi zerhafu yemveliso (PTC) ngokusekelwe ekuvelisweni kwamandla okwenyani. Ezi khredithi zinokwandiswa ngokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabasebenzi, iimfuno zokuvelisa zase-US, kunye nezinye iimeko eziphambili. Kwicala lokubonelela, kukho iikhredithi zeprojekthi yamandla aphambili (48C ITC) zeendleko zokwakha izakhiwo kunye nezixhobo, kunye neekhredithi zemveliso yokuvelisa ephucukileyo (45X MPTC) ezidityaniswe nomthamo owahlukileyo wokuthengisa imveliso.
Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikiweyo, iirhafu kwiibhetri ye-lithium ion yokugcina ilangaayizukusetyenziswa kude kube ngu-2026, nto leyo evumela ixesha lotshintsho. Oku kunika ithuba elihle lokungenisa iibhetri ze-solar lithium ion ngoncedo lomgaqo-nkqubo welanga we-IRA. Ukuba ungumthengisi webhetri yelanga ngobuninzi, umsasazi, okanye umthengisi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa eli thuba ngoku. Ukuze uthenge iibhetri ze-solar lithium eziqinisekisiweyo ze-UL ezingabizi kakhulu, nceda unxibelelane neqela lentengiso le-YouthPOWER kusales@youth-power.net.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-16-2024