Kugeza ubu, nta gisubizo kigaragara ku kibazo cyo gufunga batiri za solid state bitewe n’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere byazo, aho usanga hari imbogamizi zitandukanye zitarakemuka mu bya tekiniki, ubukungu n’ubucuruzi. Bitewe n’imbogamizi za tekiniki ziriho ubu, umusaruro mwinshi uracyari kure, kandi batiri za solid state ntiziraboneka ku isoko.
Ni iki kibangamira iterambere rya bateri zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa Solid State?
Bateri zo mu rwego rwo hejurukoresha electrolyte ikomeye aho gukoresha electrolyte y'amazi iboneka mu buryo bwa gakondobateri za lithiamu-iyoniBateri zisanzwe za lithiyumu zigizwe n'ibice bine by'ingenzi: electrode nziza, electrode mbi, electrolyte, n'itandukanya. Mu buryo bunyuranye, bateri za solid-state zikoresha electrolyte ikomeye aho gukoresha electrolyte isanzwe.
Bitewe n'ubushobozi bukomeye bw'iri koranabuhanga rya bateri ikomeye, kuki ritaragera ku isoko? Kubera ko kuva muri laboratwari ujya mu bucuruzi bihura n'imbogamizi ebyiri:ubushobozi bwa tekinikinakubaho neza mu bukungu.
- 1. Uburyo bwo gukora tekiniki: Ishingiro rya batiri ifite imiterere ikomeye ni ugusimbuza electrolyte y'amazi na electrolyte ikomeye. Ariko, kubungabunga ubusugire bw'aho electrolyte ikomeye ihurira n'ibikoresho bya electrode bitera ikibazo gikomeye. Kudakorana neza bishobora gutuma habaho ubudahangarwa bwiyongera, bityo bigatuma imikorere ya batiri igabanuka. Byongeye kandi, electrolyte ikomeye ihura n'ikibazo cyo kugabanuka kwa ioni kandi igatinda.iyoni ya lithiamukugenda, bigatuma umuvuduko wo gusharija no gusohora umuriro ugabanuka.
- Byongeye kandi, inzira yo gukora iragoye cyane. Urugero, electrolyte zikomeye za sulfide zigomba gukorwa hifashishijwe gazi idafite umwuka kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka z'ubushuhe mu kirere zitanga imyuka ihumanya. Iyi nzira ihenze kandi igoye mu bya tekiniki ubu iri kubangamira ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu byinshi. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'ibizamini bya laboratwari akenshi itandukanye cyane n'ibidukikije bibera mu isi, bigatuma ikoranabuhanga ritagera ku musaruro witezwe.
- 2. Ingufu mu bukungu:Igiciro cya bateri isanzwe ikoreshwa mu buryo buhamye gikubye inshuro nyinshi bateri zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe zikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe bwa lithium kandi inzira yo kugurisha irimo ingorane nyinshi. Nubwo ifite umutekano mwinshi mu buryo bw’imitekerereze, mu by’ukuri, electrolyte ikomeye ishobora kwangirika iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukabije, bigatuma bateri igabanuka cyangwa ikanananirwa.
- Byongeye kandi, dendrites zishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gusharija no gusohora umuriro, zigatera icyuma gitandukanya umuriro, bigatera imiyoboro migufi, ndetse n'ibisasu bikaturika, bigatuma umutekano n'ubwizigirwa biba ikibazo gikomeye. Byongeye kandi, iyo inzira nto yo gukora ibikoresho irushaho kwiyongera kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu nganda, ibiciro bizazamuka cyane.
Bateri za Solid State zizagera ryari?
Bateri za Solid-state zitezweho gukoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho, imodoka nto zikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs), n'inganda zifite imikorere n'umutekano muke, nko mu kirere. Ariko, bateri za Solid-state ziboneka ku isoko ziracyari mu ntangiriro zo kwamamaza ibitekerezo.
Ibigo bikomeye by'imodoka naabakora bateri za lithiamunka SAIC Motor, GAC-Toyota, BMW, CATL, BYD, na EVE barimo gukora bateri za solid-state. Nyamara, hashingiwe ku ngengabihe yabo iheruka yo gukora, ntabwo bishoboka ko bateri za solid-state zizatangira gukora ku bwinshi mbere ya 2026-2027 vuba. Ndetse na Toyota byabaye ngombwa ko ivugurura igihe cyayo inshuro nyinshi none ubu irateganya gutangira gukora ku bwinshi muri 2030.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko igihe cyo kuboneka kwa bateri za solid-state gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibintu bitandukanye nko guhangana n'ikoranabuhanga ndetse no kwemezwa n'amategeko.
Ibintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho n'abaguzi
Mu gihe bakurikiranira hafi iterambere ryakozwe muribateri ya lithium ifite imiterere ikomeyemu rwego rwo hejuru, ni ngombwa ko abaguzi bakomeza kuba maso kandi ntibateshuke ku makuru atangaje. Nubwo guhanga udushya nyatwo n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga bikwiye kwitegwa, bisaba igihe cyo kubigenzura. Reka twizere ko uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere n'isoko rigenda rikura, hazavuka ibisubizo bishya by'ingufu mu gihe kizaza.
⭐ Kanda hano hepfo kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri bateri ya solid state:
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Ukwakira 2024