Ngomhlaka-14 Meyi 2024, ngesikhathi sase-US — I-White House e-United States yakhipha isitatimende, lapho uMongameli uJoe Biden eyala khona iHhovisi Lommeleli Wezohwebo lase-US ukuthi linyuse izinga lentela emikhiqizweni yelanga yaseShayina ngaphansi kweSigaba 301 soMthetho Wezohwebo ka-1974 kusukela ku-25% kuya ku-50%.
Ngokuhambisana nalesi siqondiso, uMengameli wase-US uJoe Biden umemezele ngoLwesibili izinhlelo zakhe zokufaka ukwenyuka okukhulu kwentela ku-Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aseShayinafuthi wethule izimali ezintsha kuma-computer chips, amaseli elanga, kanye nezimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) njengengxenye yesu lakhe lokuvikela abasebenzi baseMelika kanye namabhizinisi. Ngaphansi kweSigaba 301, uMmeleli Wezohwebo uyalelwe ukuthi andise izimali ezikhokhwayo ezithengiswayo ezivela eShayina ezibiza amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18.
Izindleko zezimoto ze-EV, insimbi kanye ne-aluminium ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe kanye namaseli elanga zizoqala ukusebenza kulo nyaka; kanti lezo ezikuma-computer chip zizoqala ukusebenza ngonyaka ozayo. Amabhethri ezimoto ezingezona ezikagesi ze-lithium-ion azoqala ukusebenza ngo-2026.
Ngokukhethekile, izinga lentela ye-Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aseShayina(hhayi ama-EV) azokwenyuswa kusuka ku-7.5% kuya ku-25%, kuyilapho izimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) zizobhekana nesilinganiso esiphindwe kane sika-100%. Izinga lentela kumaseli elanga kanye nama-semiconductor lizokhokhiswa intela engu-50% - kabili izinga lamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga athile okungeniswa kwensimbi ne-aluminium azokwenyuka ngo-25%, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu izinga lamanje.
Nazi izintela zakamuva zase-US ezithengweni zaseShayina:
| Izindleko zase-US ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokungenisa impahla zaseShayina(2024-05-14,US) | ||
| Impahla | Intengo Yokuqala | Intengo Entsha |
| Amabhethri ezimoto ezingezona ezikagesi ze-lithium-ion | 7.5% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2026 |
| Amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi ze-lithium-ion | 7.5% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2024 |
| Izingxenye zebhethri (amabhethri angewona i-lithium-ion) | 7.5% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2024 |
| Amaseli elanga (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ahlanganiswe abe amamojula noma cha) | 25.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-50% ngo-2024 |
| Imikhiqizo yensimbi ne-aluminium | 0-7.5% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2024 |
| Thumela kuma-crane ogwini | 0.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2024 |
| Ama-semiconductor | 25.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-50% ngo-2025 |
| Izimoto zikagesi | 25.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-100% ngo-2024 |
| Omaginethi abangapheli bamabhethri e-EV | 0.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2026 |
| I-graphite yemvelo yamabhethri e-EV | 0.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2026 |
| Amanye amaminerali abalulekile | 0.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2024 |
| Imikhiqizo Yezokwelapha: amagilavu ezokwelapha nezokuhlinza ngerabha | 7.5% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-25% ngo-2026 |
| Imikhiqizo Yezokwelapha: ezinye izinto zokuphefumula kanye namamaski obuso | 0-7.5% | Iizinga lokukhula lifinyelele ku-25% ngo-2024 |
| Imikhiqizo Yezokwelapha: Izirinji nezinaliti | 0.0% | Khulisa izinga liye ku-50% ngo-2024 |
Isigaba 301 Uphenyo mayelanaibhethri lelangaIzindleko ziletha amathuba nezinselele zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokugcina amabhethri elanga e-US. Nakuba kungase kukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwasekhaya kanye nokuqashwa, kungaba nemiphumela emibi emnothweni womhlaba kanye nokuhweba.
Ngaphezu kwezithiyo zokuhweba, uhulumeni kaBiden uphinde waphakamisa izikhuthazo - uMthetho Wokunciphisa Ukwehla Kwamanani Ezinto (i-IRA) wokuthuthukiswa kwelanga ngo-2022. Kwakuyisinyathelo esihle sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi abangela ukushisa kanye nokukhuthaza amandla ahlanzekile ezweni, okuphawula ingqophamlando ebalulekile enkambisweni yawo yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Umthethosivivinywa ongu-$369 billion uhlanganisa uxhaso lwezici zombili eziphathelene nesidingo kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla elanga. Ohlangothini lwesidingo, kunezikweletu zentela yokutshalwa kwezimali (i-ITC) ezitholakalayo zokuxhasa izindleko zokuqala zephrojekthi kanye nezikweletu zentela yokukhiqiza (i-PTC) ngokusekelwe ekukhiqizweni kwamandla kwangempela. Lezi zikweletu zingakhushulwa ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzi, izidingo zokukhiqiza zase-US, kanye nezinye izimo ezithuthukile. Ohlangothini lokunikezwa, kunezikweletu zephrojekthi yamandla athuthukile (i-48C ITC) zezindleko zokwakha izakhiwo kanye nemishini, kanye nezikweletu zokukhiqiza zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe (i-45X MPTC) ezixhunywe kumanani ahlukene okuthengisa komkhiqizo.
Ngokusekelwe olwazini olunikeziwe, amanani entela kuibhethri le-lithium ion lokugcina ilangangeke kuqaliswe ukusebenza kuze kube ngu-2026, okuvumela isikhathi sokuguquka. Lokhu kunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokungenisa amabhethri e-solar lithium ion ngokusekelwa yinqubomgomo yelanga ye-IRA. Uma ungumthengisi webhethri lelanga, umsabalalisi, noma umthengisi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa leli thuba manje. Ukuze uthenge amabhethri e-solar lithium aqinisekisiwe yi-UL angabizi kakhulu, sicela uxhumane nethimba lokuthengisa le-YouthPOWER ku-sales@youth-power.net.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-16-2024