Amabhethri e-Solid state awuhlobo lwebhethri olusebenzisa ama-electrode nama-electrolyte aqinile, ngokungafani nama-electrolyte e-liquid noma e-polymer gel asetshenziswa kumabhethri e-lithium-ion endabuko. Anamandla aphezulu, izikhathi zokushaja ezisheshayo, kanye nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri endabuko.
Ingabe amabhethri e-solid state asebenzisa i-lithium?
Yebo, manje amabhethri amaningi aqinile athuthukiswayo njengamanje asebenzisa i-lithium njengento eyinhloko.
Ngokuqinisekile amabhethri e-Solid-state angasebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene njenge-electrolyte, okuhlanganisa ne-lithium. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-solid-state angasebenzisa nezinye izinto ezifana ne-sodium, i-sulfur, noma i-ceramics njenge-electrolyte.
Ngokuvamile, ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-electrolyte kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene njengokusebenza, ukuphepha, izindleko, kanye nokutholakala. Amabhethri e-lithium aqinile awubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo bokugcina amandla esizukulwane esilandelayo ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo kwamandla aphezulu, impilo yomjikelezo omude, kanye nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe.
Amabhethri e-solid state asebenza kanjani?
Amabhethri e-Solid-state asebenzisa i-electrolyte eqinile esikhundleni se-electrolyte ewuketshezi ukudlulisa ama-ion phakathi kwama-electrode (i-anode ne-cathode) ebhethri. I-electrolyte ngokuvamile yenziwe ngezinto ze-ceramic, ingilazi noma ze-polymer ezizinzile ngamakhemikhali futhi eziqhuba kahle.
Uma ibhethri lesimo esiqinile lishajwa, ama-electron adonswa kusuka ku-cathode bese ethuthwa nge-electrolyte eqinile aye ku-anode, okudala ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi. Uma ibhethri likhishwa, ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi kuyahlehliswa, ngama-electron asuka ku-anode aye ku-cathode.
Amabhethri e-Solid-state anezinzuzo eziningana kunamabhethri endabuko. Aphephile, njengoba i-solid electrolyte ivame ukuvuza noma ukuqhuma kune-liquid electrolytes. Aphinde abe namandla amaningi, okusho ukuthi angagcina amandla amaningi ngevolumu encane.
Kodwa-ke, kusenezinselele ezithile okudingeka kubhekwane nazo ngamabhethri e-solid-state, okuhlanganisa izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu kanye nomthamo olinganiselwe. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuthuthukisa izinto ezingcono ze-electrolyte eziqinile kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nesikhathi sokuphila kwamabhethri e-solid-state.
Zingaki izinkampani zamabhethri e-solid state ezikhona emakethe manje?
Kunezinkampani eziningana okwamanje ezakha amabhethri e-solid state:
1. I-Quantum Scape:Inkampani entsha eyasungulwa ngo-2010 edonse izimali ezivela kuVolkswagen nakuBill Gates. Bathi bathuthukise ibhethri eliqinile elingakhulisa ububanzi bemoto kagesi ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-80.
2. IToyota:Lo mkhiqizi wezimoto waseJapan ubelokhu esebenza ngamabhethri aqinile iminyaka eminingana futhi uhlose ukuwakhiqiza ekuqaleni kwawo-2020.
3. UFisker:Inkampani entsha yezimoto zikagesi esebenzisana nabacwaningi base-UCLA ukuthuthukisa amabhethri aqinile abathi azokwandisa kakhulu ububanzi bezimoto zabo.
4. I-BMW:Lo mkhiqizi wezimoto waseJalimane usebenza nangamabhethri aqinile futhi usebenzisane neSolid Power, inkampani entsha eseColorado, ukuze awathuthukise.
5. I-Samsung:Le nkampani enkulu yezobuchwepheshe yaseKorea ithuthukisa amabhethri aqinile ukuze asetshenziswe kuma-smartphone nakwamanye amadivayisi kagesi.
Uma amabhethri e-solid state ezosetshenziswa ukugcina amandla elanga esikhathini esizayo?
Amabhethri e-Solid-state anamandla okuguqula isitoreji samandla sezinhlelo zokusebenza zelanga. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion endabuko, amabhethri e-solid-state anikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, izikhathi zokushaja okusheshayo, kanye nokuphepha okwandisiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezinhlelweni zokugcina ilanga kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele, kunciphise izindleko, futhi kwenze amandla avuselelekayo atholakale kalula. Ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko kubuchwepheshe bebhethri le-solid-state luyaqhubeka, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi lawa mabhethri angaba yisisombululo esijwayelekile sokugcina ilanga esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa manje, amabhethri e-solid state aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa kwe-EV.
IToyota ithuthukisa amabhethri e-solid-state nge-Prime Planet Energy & Solutions Inc., inkampani ebambisene ne-Panasonic eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-Ephreli 2020 futhi inabasebenzi ababalelwa ku-5,100, okuhlanganisa nabangu-2,400 enkampanini engaphansi kweShayina kodwa isakhiqiza kancane manje futhi inethemba lokuthi izokwabelana ngesabelo esengeziwe ngo-2025 uma isikhathi sesilungile.
Amabhethri e-solid state azotholakala nini?
Asinakho ukufinyelela ezindabeni zakamuva kanye nezibuyekezo mayelana nokutholakala kwamabhethri e-solid-state. Kodwa-ke, izinkampani eziningana zisebenza ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri e-solid-state, futhi ezinye zimemezele ukuthi zihlela ukuwaqalisa ngo-2025 noma kamuva. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isikhathi sokutholakala kwamabhethri e-solid-state singahluka kuye ngezici ezahlukahlukene, njengezinselele zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuvunyelwa komthetho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-03-2023